TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix

The TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix (TRACE Matrix) measures business bribery risk in 194 jurisdictions, territories, and autonomous and semi-autonomous regions. The overall country risk score is a combined and weighted score of four domains: Business Interactions with Government; Anti-Bribery Deterrence and Enforcement; Government and Civil Service Transparency; and Capacity for Civil Society Oversight, including the role of the media. The domain scores are derived from nine subdomains. The TRACE Matrix was originally developed in 2014 in collaboration with RAND Corporation. It is updated annually by TRACE.

ACCESS THE TRACE MATRIX DATA BROWSER DOWNLOAD THE TRACE MATRIX INFORMATION PACK

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“Assessment of country risk is fundamental to developing an effective compliance program and risk-based due diligence procedures.”

Charles Duross,

Partner at Morrison & Foerster LLP and former Deputy Chief in the Fraud Section in the Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice

The 2023 TRACE Matrix information pack includes:

2023 TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix Scores
TRACE Matrix FAQ
Guide to Country Reports
Methodology Report

Download a short description of the Matrix in 中文, 日本語, English, Español, Français, Deutsche, Italiano, or Portugues.

According to this year's data, North Korea, Turkmenistan, Syria, Equatorial Guinea and Yemen present the highest commercial bribery risk, while Norway, New Zealand, Switzerland, Sweden and Denmark present the lowest.

This year’s edition includes an updated selection of datapoints to ensure the TRACE Matrix is based on the most recent available information. To learn more, download the 2023 Methodology Report.

“Assessment of country risk is fundamental to developing an effective compliance program and risk-based due diligence procedures.”

Charles Duross

Partner, Morrison & Foerster LLP and former Deputy Chief in the Fraud Section in the Criminal Division, U.S. Department of Justice

“In my experience, there is nothing else on the market that gauges risk with the accuracy and simplicity of the TRACE Risk Matrix. It is a critical part of our risk assessment process at Accenture.”

Daniel Seltzer

Senior Director of Anticorruption and Government Compliance, Accenture

Read the press release. For press inquiries, contact Kseniya Husak at [email protected].

2017 RESULTS

Rank	Country	Risk Score	Domain 1: Interactions with Government	Domain 2: Anti-bribery Deterrence and Enforcement	Domain 3: Governmental and Civil Service Transparency	Domain 4: Capacity for Civil Oversight
1	Sweden	5	6	7	1	5
2	New Zealand	6	7	11	2	8
3	Norway	7	13	1	3	1
4	Finland	8	9	13	8	4
5	United Kingdom	10	12	7	5	12
6	Netherlands	11	13	15	6	11
7	Denmark	11	12	14	18	2
8	Germany	13	15	19	12	9
9	Estonia	14	17	2	16	11
10	Switzerland	14	17	12	17	7
11	Austria	15	19	15	11	12
12	Canada	16	23	13	8	10
13	Singapore	16	1	8	16	46
14	Iceland	16	18	18	13	15
15	Hong Kong	16	4	5	12	48
16	United States	17	22	23	8	14
17	Luxembourg	17	18	18	17	16
18	Ireland	18	12	22	29	15
19	Australia	18	23	10	13	15
20	France	22	28	21	10	21
21	Belgium	22	27	20	20	14
22	Lithuania	22	30	13	23	9
23	Portugal	22	28	17	22	14
24	Monaco	23				7
25	Georgia	23	16	17	31	32
26	Japan	24	22	27	28	23
27	Marshall Islands	25	27			7
28	Taiwan	26	24	53	31	14
29	San Marino	26	28			7
30	Andorra	26				13
31	Chile	27	31	11	25	27
32	Israel	27	39	30	14	17
33	South Korea	29	30	35	25	30
34	Slovenia	29	38	18	24	22
35	Uruguay	30	42	10	30	14
36	Liechtenstein	30	37	15		8
37	Czech Republic	31	40	27	29	19
38	United Arab Emirates	32	8	15	53	61
39	Poland	32	38	22	35	21
40	Slovak Republic	33	48	20	29	13
41	Costa Rica	33	44	15	39	14
42	Latvia	33	33	18	58	15
43	Italy	34	42	60	22	23
44	Palau	35	38	32		16
45	Spain	35	39	36	35	27
46	Micronesia	35	31			31
47	Vanuatu	36	31	22		38
48	Qatar	36	24	26	49	49
49	Dominica	37	36	38	34	41
50	Malta	37	47	20	38	22
51	Tonga	37	35			29
52	Jamaica	38	49	36	33	21
53	Colombia	38	45	34	28	38
54	Bahrain	39	32	25	33	61
55	Grenada	39	29	70	49	36
56	Tuvalu	39				20
57	South Africa	39	50	26	27	35
58	Antigua and Barbuda	39	36	18	53	39
59	Samoa	39	41			29
60	Croatia	40	48	23	38	31
61	Senegal	40	39	30	54	30
62	Rwanda	40	23	18	52	67
63	Mauritius	40	39	20	59	30
64	Kosovo	40	39	37		35
65	Cyprus	40	48	38	45	21
66	St. Vincent and the Grenadines	40	31	69	52	37
67	Romania	41	53	19	39	28
68	St. Lucia	41	38	70	50	30
69	Bulgaria	42	48	28	41	35
70	Bhutan	42	44	18	44	43
71	Panama	42	43	31	56	29
72	Oman	42	32	65	38	58
73	St. Kitts and Nevis	42	35	67	60	30
74	Botswana	42	37	29	58	41
75	Papua New Guinea	42	49	30	34	42
76	Namibia	43	46	23	47	38
77	North Macedonia	43	41	31	40	53
78	Cape Verde	43	44	47	51	32
79	Malaysia	43	36	16	46	63
80	Greece	44	50	32	47	32
81	Barbados	44	47	54	54	25
82	Montenegro	44	49	26	55	30
83	Armenia	44	42	43	50	43
84	Peru	44	49	41	44	37
85	Aruba	44	40
86	Ghana	44	48	51	55	25
87	Indonesia	45	48	40	52	34
88	India	45	53	41	40	37
89	Jordan	45	38	22	48	64
90	Seychelles	45	47	62	52	30
91	Maldives	45	46	22		46
92	Bahamas	46	48	32	60	31
93	Thailand	47	41	40	45	62
94	Albania	47	52	33	46	43
95	Cayman Islands	47	49	22
96	Solomon Islands	47	47			45
97	Puerto Rico	48	45	39	58
98	Trinidad and Tobago	49	54	38	62	29
99	Fiji	49	47	14	80	33
100	Hungary	49	52	31	53	46
101	Serbia	49	57	33	47	43
102	Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	64	30	34	44
103	Philippines	50	55	33	52	43
104	Sao Tome and Principe	50	45	58	64	42
105	Kenya	50	57	36	48	43
106	Saudi Arabia	50	39	32	60	67
107	Tunisia	50	56	46	57	33
108	Gambia	50	40	72	36	76
109	Djibouti	50	36	31		79
110	Nepal	50	53	36	56	44
111	Burkina Faso	50	54	44	57	39
112	Azerbaijan	50	49	34	43	66
113	Kiribati	50	57			38
114	Mauritania	51	53	69	44	47
115	Guatemala	51	50	46	65	42
116	Niger	52	53	34	56	50
117	Morocco	52	44	44	63	57
118	Mexico	52	56	40	50	49
119	Dominican Republic	52	54	38	64	41
120	Brunei Darussalam	52	51	21	62	55
121	Togo	52	44	44	72	51
122	Mongolia	52	61	37	57	36
123	Lesotho	52	46	28	68	57
124	El Salvador	52	56	35	65	39
125	Mali	53	52	36	65	48
126	Benin	53	48	57	62	52
127	Ukraine	53	65	36	52	38
128	Zambia	53	53	33	60	54
129	Brazil	54	75	47	39	30
130	East Timor	54	56	37	67	43
131	Argentina	54	73	38	47	31
132	Paraguay	54	54	39	66	48
133	Kyrgyz Republic	54	64	43	53	41
134	Belarus	55	46	43	60	71
135	Uganda	55	59	39	52	56
136	Honduras	55	54	42	65	52
137	Ivory Coast	55	59	49	57	49
138	Tanzania	55	59	29	61	52
139	Turkey	56	50	33	61	68
140	Moldova	56	64	41	56	44
141	Guyana	56	56	39	73	43
142	Mozambique	56	57	51	52	59
143	Kuwait	56	70	28	53	42
144	Russian Federation	56	57	61	51	58
145	Malawi	57	65	33	66	39
146	Suriname	57	58	77	73	31
147	Sierra Leone	57	61	37	62	50
148	Guinea	57	55	48	72	48
149	Guinea-Bissau	57	56	40		64
150	Ecuador	57	60	39	58	58
151	Eswatini	58	52	39	66	67
152	Kazakhstan	58	55	41	58	69
153	Bolivia	58	70	36	59	42
154	Vietnam	58	54	32	60	73
155	Lebanon	59	61	44	77	41
156	Belize	59	56	60	81	42
157	Pakistan	59	66	48	51	58
158	China	60	53	40	57	81
159	Sri Lanka	60	49	50	77	66
160	Comoros	61	48	69	85	58
161	Cameroon	61	62	58	61	60
162	Egypt	61	52	35	71	77
163	Algeria	61	66	33	76	46
164	Bermuda	61	81	14
165	Myanmar	61	58	42	72	63
166	Nicaragua	61	61	37	78	53
167	Sudan	61	55	61	59	76
168	Gabon	61	71	46	55	55
169	Iran	62	59	61	59	73
170	Afghanistan	63	71	41	60	56
171	Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville)	63	66	40	66	60
172	Nigeria	63	73	38	61	54
173	Liberia	63	73	42	76	40
174	Macau	65	78
175	Dem. Rep. of the Congo	65	65	53	60	75
176	Tajikistan	66	64	45	72	69
177	Cuba	66	78	29	59	63
178	Ethiopia	67	64	42	60	86
179	Laos	67	51	44	86	86
180	Madagascar	67	71	50	74	58
181	Iraq	67	62	48	84	66
182	Haiti	68	69	49	85	54
183	Equatorial Guinea	68	57		93	72
184	Central African Republic	68	65	50	88	60
185	Bangladesh	68	82	41	56	64
186	Yemen	69	69	43	74	71
187	Zimbabwe	71	69	52	81	73
188	Burundi	72	58	48	93	86
189	Uzbekistan	73	66	48	80	87
190	Angola	73	80	44	82	61
191	Syria	73	67	50	77	89
192	Cambodia	77	83	42	88	66
193	Eritrea	77	55	98	89	100
194	Libya	77	78	52	96	66
195	Chad	81	76	93	91	77
196	South Sudan	82	80	90	86	79
197	North Korea	82	86	86		100
198	Turkmenistan	85	83	88	85	87
199	Venezuela	85	100	60	81	70
200	Somalia	88	78	100	100	91

TRACE Matrix

TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix

Charles Duross,

Charles Duross

Daniel Seltzer

2017 RESULTS

Full table (excluding subdomain scores) and rankings: