TRACE Matrix

TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix

TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix

The TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix (TRACE Matrix) measures business bribery risk in 194 jurisdictions, territories, and autonomous and semi-autonomous regions. The overall country risk score is a combined and weighted score of four domains: Business Interactions with Government; Anti-Bribery Deterrence and Enforcement; Government and Civil Service Transparency; and Capacity for Civil Society Oversight, including the role of the media. The domain scores are derived from nine subdomains. The TRACE Matrix was originally developed in 2014 in collaboration with RAND Corporation. It is updated annually by TRACE.

ACCESS THE TRACE MATRIX DATA BROWSER DOWNLOAD THE TRACE MATRIX INFORMATION PACK

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“Assessment of country risk is fundamental to developing an effective compliance program and risk-based due diligence procedures.”

Charles Duross,

Partner at Morrison & Foerster LLP and former Deputy Chief in the Fraud Section in the Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice

The 2023 TRACE Matrix information pack includes:


  • 2023 TRACE Bribery Risk Matrix Scores
  • TRACE Matrix FAQ
  • Guide to Country Reports
  • Methodology Report


Download a short description of the Matrix in 中文, 日本語, English, Español, Français, Deutsche, Italiano, or Portugues.   


According to this year's data, North Korea, Turkmenistan, Syria, Equatorial Guinea and Yemen present the highest commercial bribery risk, while Norway, New Zealand, Switzerland, Sweden and Denmark present the lowest.


This year’s edition includes an updated selection of datapoints to ensure the TRACE Matrix is based on the most recent available information. To learn more, download the 2023 Methodology Report.

“Assessment of country risk is fundamental to developing an effective compliance program and risk-based due diligence procedures.”

Charles Duross

Partner, Morrison & Foerster LLP and former Deputy Chief in the Fraud Section in the Criminal Division, U.S. Department of Justice

“In my experience, there is nothing else on the market that gauges risk with the accuracy and simplicity of the TRACE Risk Matrix. It is a critical part of our risk assessment process at Accenture.”

Daniel Seltzer

Senior Director of Anticorruption and Government Compliance, Accenture

Read the press release. For press inquiries, contact Kseniya Husak at [email protected].

2023 RESULTS

Full table (excluding subdomain scores) and rankings:

Although the resulting index can be used to rank countries by their composite scores, it is also possible to view the results for specific risk factors. This allows compliance professionals to tailor their practices appropriately and make better resource allocation decisions. This table does not include subdomain scores.

Rank Country
Risk Score
 Domain 1: Interactions with Government Domain 2: Anti-bribery Deterrence and Enforcement Domain 3: Governmental and Civil Service Transparency Domain 4: Capacity for Civil Oversight
1 Norway
 5 5 3 9 1
2 New Zealand
 10 3 15 11 16
3 Switzerland
 10 5 14 19 6
4 Sweden
 10 18 8 1 8
5 Denmark
 12 23 5 6 1
6 Finland
 13 26 1 6 7
7 United Kingdom
 14 8 23 16 15
8 Australia
 14 11 17 14 16
9 Japan
 15 1 18 27 24
10 Canada
 15 10 24 21 12
11 Estonia
 17 23 13 13 14
12 United States
 18 7 38 23 19
13 Iceland
 18 16 23 22 16
14 Netherlands
 19 28 16 12 11
15 Germany
 19 31 10 13 11
16 Ireland
 20 27 21 15 10
17 Luxembourg
 20 27 21 15 13
18 Liechtenstein
 21 30 24 16 9
19 South Korea
 21 18 35 17 23
20 Lithuania
 22 29 17 17 16
21 Belgium
 23 37 16 15 12
22 Singapore
 25 10 22 23 54
23 Taiwan
 26 32 28 28 11
24 Latvia
 26 33 23 22 20
25 Austria
 27 33 23 28 17
26 France
 29 41 28 21 15
27 Uruguay
 30 44 20 25 17
28 Puerto Rico
 30 50 36 11 11
29 Italy
 31 40 27 28 20
30 Slovenia
 31 42 21 25 24
31 Spain
 31 42 24 23 24
32 Portugal
 31 38 31 29 21
33 Czech Republic
 32 41 38 27 17
34 Hong Kong
 33 14 39 39 57
35 Georgia
 34 31 47 33 30
36 Costa Rica
 34 53 22 29 13
37 Chile
 34 47 33 27 19
38 Israel
 34 36 43 31 29
39 Slovak Republic
 34 42 41 32 19
40 Dominica
 35 29 40 39 37
41 Barbados
 35 37 36 43 22
42 Malta
 35 42 34 31 29
43 St. Lucia
 36 33 28 54 30
44 Seychelles
 36 42 39 30 31
45 Greece
 36 43 44 33 23
47 Cyprus
 37 45 35 33 26
48 Poland
 37 31 44 43 35
49 Jamaica
 37 42 46 39 19
50 St. Kitts and Nevis
 38 43 35 44 23
51 Armenia
 38 36 50 42 29
52 Croatia
 38 42 44 38 27
53 Montenegro
 39 38 41 42 36
54 Antigua and Barbuda
 39 42 35 46 29
55 St. Vincent and the Grenadines
 39 42 33 45 32
56 South Africa
 39 44 52 38 23
57 Bhutan
 40 39 37 35 48
58 Bulgaria
 40 47 45 35 31
59 Trinidad and Tobago
 41 48 50 43 20
60 Tonga
 41 43 30 55 31
61 Bahamas
 41 44 44 49 27
62 Cape Verde
 42 49 38 37 35
63 Grenada
 42 45 32 57 27
64 Micronesia
 42 53 25 55 22
65 Lesotho
 42 36 52 50 40
66 Vanuatu
 43 53 38 39 31
67 Romania
 43 48 38 47 32
68 Indonesia
 43 42 62 43 32
69 Jordan
 43 27 55 50 57
70 North Macedonia
 43 47 44 46 34
71 Samoa
 43 57 25 51 24
72 San Marino
 44 74 20 29 22
73 Botswana
 44 53 38 46 31
74 Namibia
 45 47 52 53 28
75 East Timor
 45 50 49 49 29
76 Moldova
 45 48 54 43 36
77 Malaysia
 45 41 58 46 44
78 Argentina
 46 62 48 40 20
79 United Arab Emirates
 46 24 54 50 74
80 Mauritius
 46 52 41 55 28
81 Ghana
 46 57 45 48 24
82 Dominican Republic
 46 52 64 44 25
83 Kosovo
 46 49 51 47 38
84 Senegal
 47 52 49 50 32
85 Panama
 47 53 55 46 32
86 Tunisia
 47 49 57 50 35
87 Thailand
 47 33 59 59 54
88 Belize
 48 46 50 67 32
89 Albania
 48 52 47 51 40
90 Nepal
 49 50 60 51 36
91 Kuwait
 49 42 59 56 47
92 Peru
 50 61 53 47 30
93 Fiji
 50 48 61 56 40
94 Sao Tome and Principe
 50 57 46 49 41
95 Maldives
 50 47 55 58 45
96 Hungary
 50 42 61 60 49
97 Rwanda
 51 39 60 51 65
98 Mongolia
 51 60 59 46 34
99 Serbia
 51 48 66 52 45
100 Gambia
 51 49 61 64 35
101 Sierra Leone
 51 53 62 56 36
102 Ukraine
 52 59 63 44 38
103 Suriname
 52 61 55 51 33
104 Brazil
 52 63 57 48 32
105 Solomon Islands
 52 61 45 56 36
106 Kiribati
 52 76 35 50 22
107 Burkina Faso
 52 57 56 58 34
108 Sri Lanka
 52 52 64 58 39
109 Benin
 53 57 41 66 39
110 Brunei Darussalam
 53 48 64 52 54
111 Colombia
 53 63 56 47 39
112 Malawi
 53 62 55 56 33
113 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 54 58 62 52 42
114 Ecuador
 54 63 60 51 36
115 Tanzania
 54 56 55 53 51
116 Marshall Islands
 54 84 25 54 21
117 Kazakhstan
 54 49 62 50 63
118 Paraguay
 54 61 66 52 37
119 Philippines
 54 56 75 48 44
120 Palau
 55 92 25 46 16
121 Zambia
 55 58 67 51 46
122 India
 55 60 61 51 47
123 Guyana
 56 63 59 57 39
124 Kenya
 56 59 70 58 38
125 Mexico
 56 62 71 47 43
126 Vietnam
 56 50 57 58 66
127 Lebanon
 57 55 78 64 38
128 El Salvador
 57 58 64 61 46
129 Pakistan
 57 57 67 59 50
130 Uzbekistan
 58 49 71 58 64
131 Turkey
 58 44 68 66 67
132 Saudi Arabia
 58 38 71 64 78
133 Oman
 58 46 72 59 70
134 China
 59 46 65 54 82
135 Papua New Guinea
 59 70 55 60 40
136 Kyrgyz Republic
 59 64 69 55 47
137 Niger
 59 57 61 76 45
138 Madagascar
 59 64 63 62 46
139 Eswatini
 60 50 69 65 66
140 Liberia
 60 70 64 63 37
141 Guatemala
 60 62 76 62 45
142 Bolivia
 60 72 61 62 38
143 Honduras
 61 66 73 56 48
144 Morocco
 61 60 70 64 53
145 Guinea
 61 56 70 75 50
146 Bangladesh
 61 60 66 61 60
147 Uganda
 62 64 73 59 53
148 Ivory Coast
 62 72 61 61 45
149 Togo
 62 64 66 73 44
150 Ethiopia
 63 63 65 60 63
151 Russian Federation
 63 58 76 59 68
152 Mozambique
 63 68 66 65 51
153 Guinea-Bissau
 64 66 69 71 49
154 Zimbabwe
 64 66 70 61 59
155 Sudan
 64 52 88 74 60
156 Qatar
 65 62 73 56 72
157 Nigeria
 65 74 66 67 45
158 Myanmar
 65 57 66 72 71
159 Azerbaijan
 65 51 87 63 77
160 Djibouti
 65 55 75 72 69
161 Egypt
 67 57 69 72 78
162 Bahrain
 67 62 81 60 74
163 Algeria
 67 77 58 66 58
164 Angola
 68 76 68 66 54
165 Tajikistan
 68 57 77 74 76
166 Iraq
 68 76 76 70 48
167 Laos
 69 60 71 70 82
168 Mali
 69 83 68 69 45
169 Cameroon
 69 76 82 63 55
170 Belarus
 70 67 64 70 79
171 Burundi
 70 60 88 78 69
172 Haiti
 71 82 76 70 47
173 Gabon
 72 83 77 70 49
174 Nicaragua
 72 64 78 81 74
175 Comoros
 73 84 66 79 50
176 Afghanistan
 73 70 92 73 67
177 Mauritania
 73 78 80 81 53
178 Eritrea
 74 50 93 92 87
179 Libya
 74 83 73 80 54
180 Central African Republic
 75 80 90 78 52
181 Iran
 75 81 75 66 73
182 Somalia
 75 72 92 86 58
183 Cuba
 75 81 71 66 77
184 Cambodia
 76 76 83 77 72
185 Dem. Rep. of the Congo
 77 87 83 80 54
186 Chad
 78 77 88 89 61
187 Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville)
 79 83 84 86 63
188 Venezuela
 80 83 83 87 67
189 South Sudan
 81 77 90 93 72
190 Yemen
 83 74 97 100 72
191 Equatorial Guinea
 87 93 96 87 72
192 Syria
 88 94 100 77 82
193 Turkmenistan
 89 100 85 74 88
194 North Korea
 92 99 95 69 100